M'zaka za zana la 21, ntchito yomanga ikukumana ndi zovuta komanso mwayi womwe sunachitikepo chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira kwamizinda komanso kufunikira kwa malo okhala. Momwe mungasinthire bwino ntchito yomanga, kuchepetsa ndalama ndikuchepetsa kukhudzidwa kwa chilengedwe pomwe kutsimikizira zomanga zakhala vuto lalikulu pamaso pa ntchito yomanga. Nyumba zokonzedweratu, monga njira yatsopano yomangamanga yomwe imagwirizanitsa malingaliro amakono a mapangidwe, matekinoloje apamwamba opanga zinthu ndi zipangizo zomangira zobiriwira, akukhala mphamvu yofunikira kuthetsa mavuto omwe ali pamwambawa ndikulimbikitsa kusintha ndi kupititsa patsogolo ntchito yomangamanga ndi ubwino wake wapadera.

Tanthauzo ndi Makhalidwe a Nyumba Yokonzedweratu

Nyumba yokonzedweratu, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti nyumba yopangira msonkhano, imatanthawuza zigawo zazikulu za nyumbayi (monga makoma, zitsulo zapansi, madenga, ndi zina zotero) mu fakitale molingana ndi zofunikira za mapangidwe kuti zikhale zokhazikika, kenako zimatumizidwa kumalo omanga. , anasonkhanitsidwa mu mtundu wonse wa zomangamanga kupyolera mu mgwirizano wodalirika. Izi zimazindikira kusintha kofunikira pakumanga nyumba kuchokera ku "kupanga malo" kupita ku "factory", ndipo ili ndi izi:

Kumanga mogwira mtima: Nyumba zomangidwa kale zimapangidwa mosasamala kanthu za nyengo, kuchepetsa kwambiri nthawi zomangira pamalopo, nthawi zambiri 30-50% mwachangu kuposa njira zamamangidwe zakale. Izi sizingochepetsa zofunikira za ogwira ntchito, komanso zimafulumizitsa ntchito yopereka ntchito komanso zimathandizira kubweza ndalama mwachangu.

Kuwongolera Ubwino: Malo opangira fakitale amathandizira kuwongolera mosamalitsa zaubwino wa zida zopangira ndi kupanga, kuwonetsetsa kulondola komanso kusasinthika kwa gawo lililonse, motero kumapangitsa kuti nyumbayo ikhale yokhazikika. Kuphatikiza apo, mapangidwe okhazikika amathandizira kuchepetsa zolakwika ndi zinyalala pakumanga.

Kupanga kokhazikika kwa nyumba zopangidwa kale m'mafakitale

Kuteteza chilengedwe ndi kupulumutsa mphamvu: Nyumba zomangidwa kale zimatha kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu moyenera panthawi yopanga ndikuchepetsa kuwononga zinyalala. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zatsopano zomangira zobiriwira ndi mapangidwe opulumutsira mphamvu, monga zipangizo zotetezera kutentha ndi ma solar photovoltaic panels, zimatha kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu ya nyumbayo ndikuchepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi ndi mpweya wa carbon.

Zosinthika komanso zosiyanasiyana: nyumba zokonzedweratu sizikhala zamtundu umodzi, ndipo kudzera m'mapangidwe am'modzi ndikusintha mwamakonda, zimatha kukwaniritsa zosowa za ogwiritsa ntchito komanso zokonda za ogwiritsa ntchito osiyanasiyana, ndikuzindikira ntchito zosiyanasiyana zomanga kuyambira nyumba zogona mpaka zamalonda. malo aboma.

Nyumba zomangidwa kale m'njira zosiyanasiyana

Mphamvu ya nyumba zomangidwa kale pamakampani omanga

Limbikitsani luso laukadaulo: Kupanga nyumba zopangiratu kumalimbikitsa kuphatikizika kozama kwa mafakitale omanga ndi chidziwitso, kumalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje apamwamba monga BIM (Building Information Modeling) ndi kusindikiza kwa 3D pantchito yomanga, ndikuwongolera kulondola kwa kamangidwe kamangidwe ndi zomangamanga bwino.

Kulimbikitsa kukweza kwa mafakitale: Gulu lopangira nyumba zopangira nyumba limaphatikiza maulalo osiyanasiyana monga mapangidwe, kupanga, mayendedwe, kukhazikitsa, ndi zina zambiri, zomwe zimayendetsa chitukuko cha mafakitale ogwirizana, zimalimbikitsa kuphatikizika kwa malire amakampani omanga ndi mafakitale opanga. ndi makampani ogwira ntchito, ndipo amapereka malo atsopano a kukula kwa kusintha ndi kukweza chuma.

Kuthana ndi zovuta za kukwera kwa chiwerengero cha anthu ndi kukula kwa mizinda: Poyang'anizana ndi chitsenderezo cha kusowa kwa nyumba komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha kukwera kwa chiwerengero cha anthu padziko lonse komanso kukula kwa mizinda, nyumba zomangidwa kale, zomwe zili ndi ubwino wake komanso zachuma, zimapereka njira yabwino yothetsera vuto la kuchepa kwa nyumba.

Kupititsa patsogolo kukana masoka: Nyumba zokonzedweratu zimatha kuganizira mozama za masoka achilengedwe monga zivomezi ndi kukana kwa mphepo panthawi yokonza ndi kupanga, ndikuwongolera kulimba ndi chitetezo cha nyumbayo pokonza mapangidwe apangidwe ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono.

Mavuto ndi Zoyembekeza Zam'tsogolo

Ngakhale nyumba zomangidwa kale zikuwonetsa kuthekera kwakukulu kwachitukuko, kukwezedwa kwawo ndikugwiritsa ntchito kumakumanabe ndi zovuta zingapo, kuphatikiza nkhawa za anthu za mtundu wa nyumba zomangidwa kale, ndalama zoyambira zoyambira, zovuta zamayendedwe ndi kukhazikitsa, komanso kusakwanira kwa mfundo zothandizira.

Kuti tithane ndi zopinga izi, ndikofunikira kuti boma, mabizinesi ndi mabungwe ofufuza agwire ntchito limodzi kuti alimbikitse dongosolo lokhazikika, kukulitsa chidziwitso cha anthu, kukulitsa luso laukadaulo ndi ndalama za R&D, ndikukwaniritsa ukadaulo wa mayendedwe, mayendedwe ndi kukhazikitsa, komanso yambitsani ndondomeko zolimbikitsa kuti pakhale malo abwino amsika.

M'tsogolomu, ndikupita patsogolo kwa teknoloji ndi kukula kwa msika, nyumba zokonzedweratu zidzakhala zanzeru komanso zobiriwira, ndikukhala mphamvu yofunikira kulimbikitsa chitukuko chokhazikika cha zomangamanga. Sizidzangokwaniritsa zofuna za anthu zokhala ndi malo abwino kwambiri okhalamo, komanso kuyankha mogwira mtima ku zovuta za kusintha kwa nyengo ndi zovuta zowonongeka, zomwe zikuthandizira kukwaniritsa cholinga cha "carbon neutral".

Nyumba zokonzedweratu, monga kusintha kwakukulu pa ntchito yomanga, zikutitsogolera ku tsogolo labwino, lokonda zachilengedwe komanso lokhalamo.